Real Property Taxes in Europe, 2026
High property taxes levied not only on land but also on buildings and structures can discourage investment in infrastructure, which businesses would have to pay additional tax on.
3 min readSouth Dakota is one of only two states to forgo individual income, corporate income, and gross receipts taxes. Consequently, the state relies heavily on its sales tax, which nevertheless retains a highly competitive rate, though one imposed on an overbroad base. It applies to most final personal consumption—which is appropriate—but also to a wide range of business inputs, which causes harmful tax pyramiding.
South Dakota relies on relatively high property taxes to fund local government, but the property tax base is competitive in that the property tax does not apply to tangible personal property or business inventory. Furthermore, the property tax applies to all classes of property uniformly, which is important for maintaining neutrality and preventing distortions, and the state does not have an estate or inheritance tax.
| Category | Rank | Rank Change | Score |
|---|---|---|---|
| Overall | 2 | 0 | 7.71 |
| Corporate Taxes | 1 | 0 | 10.00 |
| Individual Income Taxes | 1 | 0 | 10.00 |
| Sales Taxes | 31 | 0 | 4.51 |
| Property Taxes | 8 | 3 | 5.94 |
| Unemployment Insurance Taxes | 20 | 1 | 5.32 |
High property taxes levied not only on land but also on buildings and structures can discourage investment in infrastructure, which businesses would have to pay additional tax on.
3 min read
Applying the sales tax, a traditional broad-based consumption tax, is perfectly appropriate, but excessive targeted taxation of wireless services lacks the traditional justifications—a user-pays system or the internalization of social costs—for excise taxation, raising consumer costs and discouraging investment.
5 min read
California levies the highest tax on gasoline at 73.6 cents per gallon (cpg), followed by Illinois at 70.4 cpg and Indiana at 63.1 cpg.
10 min read