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European Tax Maps

Providing journalists, taxpayers and policymakers with basic data on taxes and spending is a cornerstone of the Tax Foundation’s educational mission. We’ve found that one of the best, most engaging ways to do that is by visualizing tax data in the form of maps.

How does your country collect revenue? Every week, we release a new tax map that illustrates one important measure of tax rates, collections, burdens and more.

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2022 gas taxes in Europe Compare fuel tax rates and EU gas tax Europe map EU fuel excise duty

Gas Taxes in Europe

The Netherlands has the highest gas tax in the European Union, at €0.82 per liter ($3.69 per gallon). Italy applies the second highest rate at €0.73 per liter ($3.26 per gallon), followed by Finland at €0.72 per liter ($3.24 per gallon).

4 min read
Europe tax burden on labor Europe 2022 tax wedge

Tax Burden on Labor in Europe

To make the taxation of labor more efficient, policymakers should understand the inputs into the tax wedge, and taxpayers should understand how their tax burden funds government services.

3 min read
Carbon taxes in Europe 2022 carbon tax rates in Europe EU carbon tax

Carbon Taxes in Europe

In recent years, several countries have taken measures to reduce carbon emissions, including instituting environmental regulations, emissions trading systems, and carbon taxes. In 1990, Finland was the world’s first country to introduce a carbon tax.

3 min read
Cigarette taxes in the EU cigarette tax rates EU tobacco Europe taxes

Cigarette Taxes in Europe

Ireland and France levy the highest excise duties on cigarettes in the EU, at €8.85 ($10.47) and €6.88 ($8.13) per 20-cigarette pack, respectively.

3 min read
Wealth taxes in Europe 2022 net wealth tax countries. Which European countries have a wealth tax

Wealth Taxes in Europe, 2022

Only three European OECD countries levy a net wealth tax, namely Norway, Spain, and Switzerland.

3 min read
Tax Subsidies for R&D Expenditures in Europe

Tax Subsidies for R&D Expenditures in Europe

Many countries incentivize business investment in research and development (R&D), intending to foster innovation. A common approach is to provide direct government funding for R&D activity. However, a significant number of jurisdictions also offers R&D tax incentives.

3 min read
2022 Capital Gains Tax Rates in Europe 2022 Capital Gains Taxes in Europe OECD Individual Capital Gains Tax Rates

Capital Gains Tax Rates in Europe, 2022

In many countries, investment income, such as dividends and capital gains, is taxed at a different rate than wage income. Denmark levies the highest top capital gains tax among European OECD countries, followed by Norway, Finland, and France.

4 min read
2022 top personal income tax rates in europe top income tax rates in europe personal income rates europe 2022

Top Personal Income Tax Rates in Europe, 2022

Denmark (55.9 percent), France (55.4 percent), and Austria (55 percent) have the highest top statutory personal income tax rates among European OECD countries.

2 min read
2022 VAT rates in Europe, 2022 VAT rates by country, 2022 value-added tax rates in Europe and 2022 value-added tax rates by country

VAT Rates in Europe, 2022

The VAT is a consumption tax assessed on the value added in each production stage of a good or service. Every business along the value chain receives a tax credit for the VAT already paid. The end consumer does not, making it a tax on final consumption.

4 min read
Comparing Property Tax Systems in Europe, 2021 Comparing Europes Tax Systems Property Tax Systems Best and Worst Property Tax Systems

Comparing Europe’s Tax Systems: Property Taxes

According to the 2021 International Tax Competitiveness Index, Switzerland has the best-structured consumption tax among OECD countries while Poland has the worst-structured consumption tax code.

2 min read
2019 corporate tax rates around the world. 2019 corporate tax trends around the world

Corporate Tax Rates around the World, 2021

A new report shows that corporate tax rates around the world continue to level off. “We aren’t seeing a race to the bottom, we’re seeing a race toward the middle,” said Sean Bray, global policy analyst at the Tax Foundation.

24 min read
2021 Consumption Tax Systems in Europe Comparing Consumption Tax Systems in Europe 2021 worst Consumption tax systems in Europe Consumption taxes in Europe

Comparing Europe’s Tax Systems: Consumption Taxes

According to the 2021 International Tax Competitiveness Index, Switzerland has the best-structured consumption tax among OECD countries while Poland has the worst-structured consumption tax code.

2 min read
2021 Individual Income Tax Systems in Europe Comparing Income Tax Systems in Europe 2021 worst income tax systems in Europe

Comparing Europe’s Tax Systems: Individual Taxes

France’s individual income tax system is the least competitive of all OECD countries. It takes French businesses on average 80 hours annually to comply with the income tax.

3 min read