![Ranking Unemployment Insurance Taxes on the 2021 State Business Tax Climate Index, Best and worst state unemployment insurance tax codes](https://taxfoundation.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/12/Ranking-Unemployment-Insurance-Taxes-on-2021-State-Business-Tax-Climate-Index-01-300x255.png)
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![Ranking Unemployment Insurance Taxes on the 2021 State Business Tax Climate Index, Best and worst state unemployment insurance tax codes](https://taxfoundation.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/12/Ranking-Unemployment-Insurance-Taxes-on-2021-State-Business-Tax-Climate-Index-01-300x255.png)
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![](https://taxfoundation.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/12/CIT-around-the-world-front-page-01-01-300x219.png)
Corporate Tax Rates around the World, 2020
Corporate tax rates have been declining in every region around the world over the past four decades as countries have recognized their negative impact on business investment. Our new report explores the latest corporate tax trends and compares corporate tax rates by country.
22 min read![Reduced Corporate Income Tax Rates for Small Businesses in Europe](https://taxfoundation.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/12/Reduced-CIT-rates-for-Small-Businesses-FV-300x296.png)
Reduced Corporate Income Tax Rates for Small Businesses in Europe
Corporate income taxes are commonly levied as a flat rate on business profits. However, some countries provide reduced corporate income tax rates for small businesses
2 min read![Ranking state sales tax codes on the 2021 State Business Tax Climate Index. Best and worst sales tax codes in the United States, best and worst state sales tax codes in the U.S.](https://taxfoundation.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/12/Sales-Tax-Component-Rankings-2021-State-Business-Tax-Climate-Index-01-300x255.png)
Ranking Sales Taxes on the 2021 State Business Tax Climate Index
An ideal sales tax applies to a broad base of final consumer goods and services, with few exemptions, and is levied at a low rate. Broad-based, low-rate tax structures minimize tax-induced economic distortions that can occur when people change their purchasing behavior because of tax differences.
3 min read![patent box regimes, European intellectual property tax, IP, patent box regimes, IP regimes, licensing](https://taxfoundation.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/07/Patent-Box-2020-November-01-290x300.png)
Patent Box Regimes in Europe, 2020
Patent box regimes (also referred to as intellectual property, or IP, regimes) provide lower effective tax rates on income derived from IP.
4 min read![Cigarette taxes by state, cigarette smuggling by state, cigarette tax rates by state, illicit cigarette trade 2021 excise taxes and 2021 excise tax trends](https://taxfoundation.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/11/Cigarette-Smuggling-2020-DV-01-300x254.png)
Cigarette Taxes and Cigarette Smuggling by State, 2018
Excessive tax rates on cigarettes in some states induce substantial black and gray market movement of tobacco products into high-tax states from low-tax states or foreign sources. New York has the highest inbound smuggling activity, with an estimated 53.2 percent of cigarettes consumed in the state deriving from smuggled sources.
13 min read![Comparing Europe's Tax Systems: International Tax Rules. Best and worst international tax systems in Europe 2020, Europe international tax systems, Europe international tax](https://taxfoundation.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/11/International-Tax-Rules-2020-ITCI-01-300x289.png)
Comparing Europe’s Tax Systems: International Tax Rules
International tax rules define how income earned abroad and by foreign entities are taxed domestically, making them an important element of a country’s tax code.
3 min read![How high are cell phone taxes in your state? 2020 cell phone taxes, fees, and government charges on wireless service, 2020 cell phone tax rates](https://taxfoundation.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/11/How-high-are-cell-phone-taxes-in-your-state-wireless-taxes-fees-and-goverment-charges-on-wireless-service-2020-cell-phone-tax-300x254.png)
Wireless Tax Burden Remains High Due to Federal Surcharge Increase
A typical American household with four phones on a “family share” wireless plan can expect to pay about $270 per year (or 22 percent of their cell phone bill) in taxes, fees, and surcharges.
36 min read![Comparing Europe's Tax Systems: Property Taxes. Best and worst property tax systems in Europe 2020, Europe property taxes](https://taxfoundation.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/11/Property-2020-ITCI-01-300x289.png)
![Ranking state tax codes, Ranking state individual income tax codes, best and worst state income tax codes 2020](https://taxfoundation.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/11/Ranking-state-tax-codes-state-individual-income-taxes-2020-FV-01-300x255.png)
![Comparing Europe's Tax Systems: Consumption Taxes. Best and worst consumption tax systems in Europe 2020](https://taxfoundation.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/11/ITCI-Consumption-FV-01-300x289.png)
Comparing Europe’s Tax Systems: Consumption Taxes
How do consumption tax codes compare among European OECD countries? Explore our new map to see how consumption tax systems in Europe compare.
2 min read![Ranking state corporate tax codes on the 2021 State Business Tax Climate Index. Best and worst corporate tax codes in the United States, best and worst state corporate tax codes in the U.S.](https://taxfoundation.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/11/2021-SBTCI-Corporate-FV-01-300x255.png)
Ranking Corporate Income Taxes on the 2021 State Business Tax Climate Index
The corporate tax component of our Index measures each state’s principal tax on business activities. Most states levy a corporate income tax on a company’s profits (receipts minus most business expenses, including compensation and the cost of goods sold), while some states levy gross receipts taxes, which allow few or no deductions for a company’s expenses.
2 min read![Trump Tax Cuts Benefited Who? Tax Cuts and Jobs Act lowered effective tax rates across income levels, Trump Tax Cuts Middle Class](https://taxfoundation.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/10/Trump-Tax-Cuts-Benefited-Who-The-Tax-Cuts-and-Jobs-Act-Lowered-Effective-Tax-Rates-Across-Income-Levels-300x212.png)
A Preliminary Look at 2019 Tax Data for Individuals
The latest IRS data continues to illustrate that the net effect of the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act was to reduce effective tax rates across income groups. In 2019, the TCJA again expanded the use of several deductions and credits, made the standard deduction more favorable than itemizing, and lowered taxes for most taxpayers.
4 min read![Comparing Europe’s Tax Systems: Individual Taxes, Best and worst individual tax systems in Europe 2020](https://taxfoundation.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/10/Comparing-Europes-Tax-Systems-Best-and-worst-Individual-tax-systems-in-Europe-300x289.png)
Comparing Europe’s Tax Systems: Individual Taxes
How do individual income tax codes compare among European OECD countries? Explore our new map to see how individual income tax systems in Europe compare.
3 min read![Halloween tax, Halloween candy tax, Sales tax treatment of groceries, candy, and soda as of January 1, 2020](https://taxfoundation.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/10/Sales-tax-treatment-of-groceries-candy-and-soda-as-of-january-1-2020-01-300x258.png)
Tax Treatment of Groceries, Candy, and Soda Can Get Tricky
Even in 2020, jack-o’-lanterns and fake skeletons have popped up in neighborhoods as they do every October, although Halloween may look and play out differently this time around.
4 min read![refundable tax credits definition What are the 2021 Tax Brackets?What are the 2020 Tax Brackets? 2021 federal income tax brackets, 2020 federal income tax brackets](https://taxfoundation.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/11/2020-tax-brackets-tax-filing-e1573749574623-300x199.jpeg)
2021 Tax Brackets
The IRS recently released the new 2021 tax brackets and rates. Explore updated credits, deductions, and exemptions, including the standard deduction & personal exemption, Alternative Minimum Tax (AMT), Earned Income Tax Credit (EITC), Child Tax Credit (CTC), capital gains brackets, qualified business income deduction (199A), and the annual exclusion for gifts.
6 min read![Comparing Europe’s Tax Systems: Corporate Taxes, Best and Worst Corporate Tax Systems in Europe 2020, best and worst corporate tax systems in Europe, best and worst corporate tax codes in Europe](https://taxfoundation.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/10/Corporate-ITCI-01-300x289.png)
Comparing Europe’s Tax Systems: Corporate Taxes
A tax code that is competitive and neutral promotes sustainable economic growth and investment while raising sufficient revenue for government priorities.
3 min read![state sales tax jurisdictions by state, sales tax jurisdictions in the us](https://taxfoundation.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/10/Sales-Tax-Jurisdictions-FV-01-300x264.png)
How Many Sales Tax Jurisdictions Does Your State Have?
Following the Wayfair decision, states’ move to tax online sales has increased the importance of simplicity in sales tax systems, as sellers now have to deal with differing regulations in multiple states. There are over 11,000 standard sales tax jurisdictions in the United States in 2020
2 min read![european countries with a carbon tax, carbon tax rates in Europe, carbon taxes in Europe](https://taxfoundation.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/10/Carbon-Taxes-in-Europe-2020-FV-C-01-300x292.png)
Carbon Taxes in Europe, 2020
17 European countries have implemented a carbon tax, ranging from less than €1 per metric ton of carbon emissions in Ukraine and Poland to over €100 in Sweden.
3 min read