Research

A Comparison of the Tax Burden on Labor in the OECD, 2019

The Earned Income Tax Credit (EITC): A Primer

New Details on the Austrian Tax Reform Plan

Anti-Base Erosion Provisions and Territorial Tax Systems in OECD Countries

The U.S. decision to adopt a territorial tax system is certainly an improvement over having a worldwide system. However, in moving to a territorial system some of the new features created with the TCJA increased the complexity of the system.

An Analysis of Senator Warren’s ‘Real Corporate Profits Tax’

Sen. Elizabeth Warren introduced a 7 percent surtax on corporate profits called the “Real Corporate Profits Tax.” We estimate that this tax would reduce the incentive to invest in the United States, and result in a 1.9 percent smaller economy, a 3.3 percent smaller capital stock, and 1.5 percent lower wages. The surtax would raise $872 billion between 2020 and 2029 on a conventional basis and $476 billion on a dynamic basis. The tax would make the tax code more progressive, but it would fall on taxpayers in every income group.

An Overview of Capital Gains Taxes

Capital gains taxes create a burden on saving because they are an additional layer of taxes on a given dollar of income. The capital gains tax rate cannot be directly compared to individual income tax rates, because the additional layers of tax that apply to capital gains income must also be part of the discussion.

The Alternative Minimum Tax Still Burdens Taxpayers with Compliance Costs

Although Congress intended the AMT to be a tax on wealthy taxpayers, for much of its history it has subjected middle-income taxpayers in high-tax states to heavy compliance burdens. TCJA reforms that have increased the AMT’s exemption and exemption phaseout threshold will shield some taxpayers from the AMT through 2025, but the number of taxpayers impacted will increase in 2026 when the TCJA’s individual income tax reforms expire.

Tax Policy and Entrepreneurship: A Framework for Analysis

A key element of America’s dynamism problem is a drop in entrepreneurship. Removing tax barriers for entrepreneurs would improve America’s dynamism while making America’s tax code more neutral, efficient, and simple for all taxpayers.

Capital Cost Recovery across the OECD, 2019

Capital cost recovery, though often overlooked, can have a significant impact on investment decisions—with far-reaching economic consequences.

Reforming Rental Car Excise Taxes

The growing number of options that travelers have for rental cars, including peer-to-peer car-sharing arrangements, is an opportunity for policymakers to revisit the policy rationale for these discriminatory taxes.

Tax Treatment of Worker Training

Analysis of the Cost-of-Living Refund Act of 2019

We estimate that a new proposal to expand the EITC would reduce federal revenue by $1.8 trillion and decrease long-run GDP by 0.29 percent, while boosting labor force participation for low-income tax filers by 822,788 full-time equivalent jobs.

The Case for Universal Savings Accounts

Evaluating Education Tax Provisions

Research shows that the current menu of education-related tax benefits is not effectively promoting affordability or the decision to attend college. Lawmakers wishing to provide education assistance should reconsider whether the tax code is the best tool to achieve that goal.

Wisconsin Tax Options: A Guide to Fair, Simple, Pro-Growth Reform

Despite tax cuts in recent years, Wisconsin’s overall tax structure lags behind competitor states in simplicity, tax rates, and business climate for residents and investment. Explore our new comprehensive guide to see how the Badger State can achieve meaningful tax reform.

The Status of State Personal Exemptions a Year After Federal Tax Reform

Resisting the Allure of Gross Receipts Taxes: An Assessment of Their Costs and Consequences

Amortizing Research and Development Expenses Under the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act

Expensing, or the immediate write-off of R&D costs, is a valuable component of the current tax system. The TCJA’s change to amortization in 2022, requiring firms to write off their business costs over time rather than immediately, would raise the cost of investment, discourage R&D, and reduce economic output.

The Real Lesson of 70 Percent Tax Rates on Entrepreneurial Income

The fall and then rise of entrepreneurial income claimed on the wealthy’s 1040 tax returns clearly tracks the seeming decline of inequality from 1950 to 1980, followed by the sudden rise in inequality since 1986. The shifting composition of income claimed by the rich due to changes in tax laws explains this illusion.

Toward a State of Conformity: State Tax Codes a Year After Federal Tax Reform

States incorporate provisions of the federal tax code into their own codes in varying degrees, meaning that federal tax reform has implications for state revenue beyond any broader economic effects of tax reform.