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Evaluating U.S. Tax Reform Options & Trade-Offs

The economic crisis caused by the coronavirus pandemic poses a triple challenge for tax policy in the United States. Lawmakers are tasked with crafting a policy response that will accelerate the economic recovery, reduce the mounting deficit, and protect the most vulnerable.

To assist lawmakers in navigating the challenge, and to help the American public understand the tax changes being proposed, the Tax Foundation’s Center for Federal Tax Policy modeled how 70 potential changes to the tax code would affect the U.S. economy, distribution of the tax burden, and federal revenue.

In tax policy there is an ever-present trade-off among how much revenue a tax will raise, who bears the burden of a tax, and what impact a tax will have on economic growth. Armed with the information in our new book, Options for Reforming America’s Tax Code 2.0, policymakers can debate the relative merits and trade-offs of each option to improve the tax code in a post-pandemic world.

Georgia property tax reform eorgia Local Option Homestead Property Tax Exemption Amendment

Localities Opt Out of Georgia’s New Homestead Tax Exemption

Policymakers may consider a broader, more comprehensive property tax reform that creates a uniform system with effective levy limits to prevent unauthorized increases in property tax revenues and, in most cases, property tax bills.

4 min read

Tax and Financial Illiteracy Are Costing Americans

The better we understand taxes, the better we can manage our finances, but it starts with familiarizing ourselves with basic tax concepts like how tax brackets work.

3 min read
2025 North Dakota Property Tax Relief and North Dakota Property Tax Reform Options Levy Limits Governor Kelly Armstrong

North Dakota’s Property Tax Reform Proposals: A Three-Part Approach

North Dakota’s financial position provides it with a rare capacity to deliver meaningful property tax relief. However, policymakers must balance immediate relief with fiscal sustainability and ensure that local governments remain adequately funded in the years ahead.

5 min read
2025 Kansas Tax Cuts including Kansas flat income tax reform and 2025 Kansas tax reform and relief

Kansans May Finally Get a Low, Flat Income Tax

If adopted, these reforms would make Kansas’ tax code substantially more competitive while returning revenue growth to taxpayers in a fiscally responsible manner.

4 min read
Taxing Life Insurance Tax

Taxing Life Insurance

As Congress attempts to prevent the expiration of major Tax Cuts and Jobs Act provisions, it needs to find ways to pay for them. Ideally, it should use the least economically harmful means possible.

3 min read
Oregon Considers Decoupling from the Federal Tax Code Oregon tax conformity

Oregon Considers Decoupling from the Federal Tax Code

The proposed changes to federal tax code conformity in Oregon are a good example of a change that could significantly reshape the state’s tax code in the future, despite being framed as temporary technical adjustments.

4 min read