![Washington State capital gains tax Washington capital gains tax proposal head tax Washington state ballot measures, 2019 Washington state tax voting issues, Washington state tax ballot measures november election 2019](https://taxfoundation.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/10/Seattle-Washington-e1571160112866-300x200.jpg)
Blog Articles
![Washington State capital gains tax Washington capital gains tax proposal head tax Washington state ballot measures, 2019 Washington state tax voting issues, Washington state tax ballot measures november election 2019](https://taxfoundation.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/10/Seattle-Washington-e1571160112866-300x200.jpg)
![Permanent Build Back Better middle class tax hike Tax Cuts and Jobs Act, Tax Reform](https://taxfoundation.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/09/Capitol-washington-dc-300x240.jpg)
Permanent Build Back Better Act Would Likely Require Large Tax Increases on the Middle Class
Policymakers and taxpayers should understand the scope of tax changes necessary to fully pay for the large-scale social spending programs that would be initiated under the Build Back Better Act.
6 min read![Spain tax reform committee Spain Eurozone taxes Spain start-up law tax proposal investors entrepreneurs Spain startup law tax plan](https://taxfoundation.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/12/Spain-start-up-law-tax-proposal-investors-entrepreneurs-Spain-startup-law-tax-plan-e1639595092641-300x199.jpg)
Patching Spain’s Tax Code Won’t Attract Investors
Spain should follow the example of Madrid, the country’s most competitive region. A more efficient income tax system is a better objective than just focusing on incentives for foreigners to change their tax residence.
5 min read![Who really pays tariffs? Who actually pays tariffs? US or China? Biden tariffs and Trump tariffs impact on consumers, tariffs on steel and aluminum, tariffs on washing machines, tariffs on solar panels tariffs impact on consumers](https://taxfoundation.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/12/Solar-panels-green-energy-investment-climate-change-mitigation-e1639063929172-300x200.jpeg)
Who Really Pays the Tariffs? U.S. Firms and Consumers, Through Higher Prices
The bulk of economic evidence shows for most of the new tariffs imposed under the Trump administration, U.S. firms or consumers bore 100 percent, or even more, of the burden through lower profits or higher retail prices.
5 min read![emergency savings accounts retirement savings accounts Build Back Better plan inflation Build Back Better plan deficit carbon tax reconciliation hr3 tax prescription drugs tax help pay for reconciliation, revenue for federal government retirement savings federal reform proposals SECURE Act Securing a Strong Retirement Act of 2021](https://taxfoundation.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/06/Capitol_money_adobe_trekandphoto_optimized-e1623769427516-300x200.jpeg)
Build Back Better Budget Deficits Could Mean More Inflation, More Policy Uncertainty
As the Senate weighs changes to the spending and tax portions of the Build Back Better Act, the Congressional Budget Office (CBO) and Tax Foundation find the bill would increase the cumulative budget deficit over the next 10 years—contrary to claims the legislation is “fully paid for.”
4 min read![Ways & means tax proposal seeks to combat extraterritorial taxes and discriminatory taxes Global minimum tax revenue OECD Pillar Two revenue OECD impact assessment OECD Pillar One tax Pillar one amount a Biden interest limitation Biden interest deduction rule Biden interest expense limitation Business interest expense limitation Democrat Senate international tax overhaul discussion draft legislation (Wyden Brown Warner international tax overhaul) or Sen Wyden international tax plan,](https://taxfoundation.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/08/global-international-map-us-e1630689247673-300x200.jpg)
The Interest Limitation Pile-On
As Congress contemplates adding a new worldwide interest limitation rule as part of the House Build Back Better Act, it is useful to consider the potential effects of this proposal as well as whether it is necessary to add this on top of the U.S.’s existing restrictions on the value of interest deductions.
8 min read![Arkansas income tax cuts Arkansas tax reform Arkansas income tax reform Arkansas income tax cuts 2021 Arkansas remote work Arkansas convenience rule Arkansas Senate Bill 484 Tax Foundation testimony Arkansas Lieutenant Governor Looks to Eliminate Income Tax, Arkansas Lieutenant Governor Tim Griffin proposal to eliminate Arkansas income tax](https://taxfoundation.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/12/Arkansas_capitol_building_3_1_50-e1608153883168-300x200.jpeg)
Arkansas’s Sustainable Tax Reform: A Gift That Will Keep On Giving
Faced not only with immediate surpluses but with the expectation of sustained revenue growth in coming years, Arkansas policymakers have chosen to return some of the additional revenue to taxpayers in the form of individual and corporate income tax rate reductions, with additional rate cuts if future revenues permit.
6 min read![FairTax consumption taxes versus income taxes taxing criminals economics lesson plan flat tax definition flat income tax system Biden minimum tax, Biden corporate tax rate increase Biden corporate income tax, Biden book minimum tax Build Back Better reconciliation tax plan](https://taxfoundation.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/12/calculator-analysis-money-research-economy-economic-e1639070183145-300x200.jpeg)
Book Minimum Tax versus Corporate Rate Increase: Pick Your Poison
While the book minimum tax is smaller in scale than the proposed original corporate rate increases, it would introduce more complexity, inefficiency, and problems at the industry- and sector-levels that a corporate rate increase would not. Neither option is an optimal way to raise new tax revenues.
4 min read![Traveling for the Holidays? Traveling state tax liability implications. Home for the holidays remote work telework tax What are State Tax Implications for Traveling Employees?](https://taxfoundation.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/12/Transportation-infrastructure-gas-tax-VMT-highway-e1639000536301-300x200.jpeg)
Traveling for the Holidays? States Would Like the Gift of Taxes
In most states, you don’t have to visit for long before you start accruing tax liability.
5 min read![Bipartisan tax policy roots](https://taxfoundation.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/11/capitol-building-washington-dc-e1624914326141-300x200.jpeg)
Tax Policy’s Bipartisan Roots
Michael J. Graetz is the Columbia Alumni Professor of Tax Law and a leading expert on national and international tax law.
5 min read![2021 North Carolina tax reform and 2021 North Carolina income tax reform and proposals](https://taxfoundation.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/07/North_Carolina_tax_reform_and_North_Carolina_income_tax_reform_2021_optimized-e1627068807392-300x200.jpeg)
North Carolina Reinforces Its Tax Reform Legacy
With the adoption of its new budget in mid-November, North Carolina has reinforced its position as a leader in pro-growth tax reform, becoming the 12th state to enact income tax rate reductions in 2021 alone.
6 min read![Manufacturing, Machinery, Factory, Full Expensing, 100 percent bonus depreciation](https://taxfoundation.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/04/Adobe-Stock-Manufacturing-Machinery-Factory-Full-Expensing-e1588002302550-300x181.jpeg)
Trump-Biden Tariffs Hurt Domestic Manufacturing
As lawmakers today look for ways to boost American industry and reduce costs for consumers, they should pay attention to the mountains of evidence that the Trump-Biden tariffs have harmed American consumers and businesses.
5 min read![DeSantis gas tax relief DeSantis gas tax proposal Florida gas tax proposal Florida gas tax relief Florida online sales tax law bottled water tax on water extraction in Florida](https://taxfoundation.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/03/Florida-state-capitol-petert2-adobe1-e1614638833939-300x200.jpeg)
The Surprising Challenge of Too Much Tax Revenue—and Florida’s No-Gas-Tax Solution
Temporary tax relief measures, like refund checks or gas tax holidays, are not necessarily bad, and can be justified as ways to return excess revenues to taxpayers, but they often miss an opportunity to do better by taxpayers in the long run.
7 min read![Bonus Depreciation Helps Disadvantaged Workers, Study Finds. Low-skilled, black women, hispanic women, and young workers](https://taxfoundation.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Bonus_Depreciation_Helps_Disadvantaged_Workers_Study_Finds._Low-skilled_black_women_hispanic_women_and_young_workers_optimized-e1637770381998-300x200.jpeg)
Bonus Depreciation Helps Disadvantaged Workers, Study Finds
Low-skilled workers have been the hardest hit by the pandemic-induced economic slowdown. When deciding on bonus depreciation, which is currently set to expire in 2026, policymakers should remember that disadvantaged workers would be the most likely to benefit from making it permanent.
2 min read![Ohio commercial activity tax, Ohio gross receipts tax, Ohio business tax reform](https://taxfoundation.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/03/Ohio-Columbus-capitol-e1583874817733-300x200.jpeg)
Ohio’s CAT Is Out of the Bag
Coming out of the pandemic, the state of Ohio is estimating significant tax revenue growth, and some lawmakers are looking to take advantage and repeal the Commercial Activity Tax (CAT), one of only a few gross receipts taxes still levied in the country.
7 min read![Mississippi income tax reduction options. Mississippi income tax repeal Governor Tate Reeves budget proposal](https://taxfoundation.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Mississippi-income-tax-reduction-options.-Mississippi-income-tax-repeal-Governor-Tate-Reeves-budget-proposal-e1637680544161-300x168.jpeg)
Mississippians Would Benefit from Sustainable Income Tax Reduction
Mississippi lawmakers should deliver tax relief in 2022, but they need not take an all-or-nothing approach. There are many ways to improve the state’s tax code, even if full income tax repeal doesn’t remain on the table.
6 min read![2022 state tax changes effective January 1, 2022 child tax credit changes and child tax credit reform options 2021 state tax changes July 1 2021 US business tax collections remained close to historical norm in 2018. US business tax revenue and taxes paid by pass-through firms](https://taxfoundation.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/04/Money-calendar-time-calculator-economy-business-tax-filing-e1618504666865-300x200.jpeg)
Business Tax Collections Within Historical Norm After Accounting for Pass-through Business Taxes
When looking at the tax burden on businesses over time, it is important to provide a complete picture by accounting for the different types of businesses in the U.S. and the timing effects of the 2017 tax law. Doing so provides important context on existing tax burdens and for considering the impact of raising taxes on corporations and pass-through firms.
3 min read![Biden tax plan and analysis of Biden taxes Biden minimum tax on billionaires unrealized capital gains tax Biden tax proposals Biden taxes Biden tax plan Build Back Better inflation tax Biden inflation tax Top Tax Rate on Personal Income Would Be Highest in OECD under New Build Back Better Framework](https://taxfoundation.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/10/Washington-DC-White-House-skyline-e1634657027264-300x200.jpeg)
How Will Build Back Better Impact Inflation?
The persistently high inflation in recent months has made some lawmakers question the need for additional deficit spending, In the short term, the Build Back Better Act would likely contribute to inflation, but the magnitude of that contribution is unclear.
3 min read![Biden book minimum tax Biden pension tax cuts and jobs act tax extenders , House Ways and Means, temporary tax policy](https://taxfoundation.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/01/capitol_at_dusk_2-1-300x151.jpg)
Red Flags Emerge in Build Back Better Book Minimum Tax, Interest Expense Limitation
The Build Back Better Act would raise taxes to pay for social spending programs. But the design of some of the tax increases may end up hurting private pensions, among other problems.
6 min read![Tax proposals in 2022 Norway budget. See Norway tax proposals in Norway budget 2022](https://taxfoundation.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/norway-2-e1637077274104-300x187.jpg)
Norway’s New Budget Adds Unnecessary Complexity
Norway’s proposed reductions in income tax have the potential to increase disposable income for workers that can potentially raise consumption and contribute to economic growth. However, the increase of the wealth and indirect taxes is likely to step up the complexity of the tax system and create additional distortions.
3 min read