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Individual Tax Expenditures, Credits, and Deductions

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Are Trump’s Tariffs Legal? Here’s What the Courts Say

It’s been a whirlwind 24 hours in tariff news: first, a trade court blocked Trump’s sweeping new tariffs, calling them executive overreach. Then, a federal appeals court reinstated them—at least for now. We break down what happened, what’s next, and why it matters.

The "Big Beautiful Bill" changes pass-through business taxes, including the 199a deduction (QBI deduction) and the SALT deduction cap.

SALT Cap Workarounds for Some Pass-Through Entities Are Threatened by One, Big, Beautiful Bill

For owners of pass-through businesses, the reconciliation package (1) raises the state and local tax (SALT) deduction cap, (2) denies the benefit of pass-through entity-level taxes that had previously worked around the SALT cap for such pass-through businesses, and (3) increases the Section 199A deduction for qualifying pass-through entities.

4 min read
State Implications of the One Big Beautiful Bill No Tax on Car Loan Interest SNAP Cost Sharing No Tax on Tips and Overtime Medicaid Reductions for States Covering Undocumented Immigrants

State Implications of the One, Big, Beautiful Bill

As the US House hashes out its “One, Big, Beautiful Bill,” statehouse lawmakers are watching closely, given the impact of both its tax and spending provisions on state budgets.

12 min read
The One Big Beautiful Bill Explained

The One Big Beautiful Bill, Explained

We break down the House GOP’s One, Big, Beautiful Bill—a sweeping tax package designed to extend key parts of the 2017 Tax Cuts and Jobs Act before they expire in 2026.

State and Local Tax Collections Per Capita by State, 2025 State and Local Tax Burdens by State

State and Local Tax Collections Per Capita by State, 2025

According to the latest economic data from the US Census Bureau, the average per capita state and local tax burden is $7,109. However, collections vary widely by state, reflecting differences in tax rates and bases, natural resource endowments, the scale and scope of taxable economic activity in each state, and residents’ political preferences.

5 min read

What Happens If Social Security Runs Out in 2035?

What happens when the country’s most important retirement program runs out of money? Social Security faces a funding crisis by 2035. We unpack how the system works, why it’s in trouble, and what fixes could keep it afloat.

2025 state nonresident income tax filing laws and thresholds by state

Nonresident Income Tax Filing Laws by State, 2025

One area of the tax code in which extreme complexity and low compliance go hand-in-hand—and where reform is desperately needed—is in states’ nonresident individual income tax filing and withholding laws.

7 min read
2025 North Dakota Property Tax Relief and North Dakota Property Tax Reform Options Levy Limits Governor Kelly Armstrong

North Dakota’s Property Tax Reform Proposals: A Three-Part Approach

North Dakota’s financial position provides it with a rare capacity to deliver meaningful property tax relief. However, policymakers must balance immediate relief with fiscal sustainability and ensure that local governments remain adequately funded in the years ahead.

5 min read
Taxing Life Insurance Tax

Taxing Life Insurance

As Congress attempts to prevent the expiration of major Tax Cuts and Jobs Act provisions, it needs to find ways to pay for them. Ideally, it should use the least economically harmful means possible.

3 min read