Skip to content

Indiana

Down 3 places from 2026

Indiana ranks 14th overall on the 2027 State Tax Competitiveness Index.

Score 5.51 / 10

Notable Changes Indiana is singled out in the study for this year's changes.

In the 2027 Index

Indiana fell three spots, to 14th overall. Despite a low, flat state individual income tax rate of 2.95 percent, Indiana authorizes counties to impose local income taxes at rates that nearly double the combined rate in some jurisdictions. Additionally, Indiana narrows its tax base by offering income tax deductions for qualified tips and overtime pay. As a result, Indiana’s individual income tax ranking fell from 21st to 28th. Indiana does not conform to key expensing provisions, including Section 168(k) and Section 174A, while several competing states do. As a result, its corporate income tax ranking fell from 7th to 11th. Indiana maintains a property and wealth tax ranking of 4th, due in part to the increase to its tangible personal property (TPP) tax exemption from $80,000 to $2 million.

Snapshot date: The 2027 Index measures each state's tax law as of July 1, 2026. Changes enacted after that date are not reflected in these ranks.

About Indiana's Tax Code

Indiana’s tax code includes all major tax types, but the state has ranked well on the Index since reforms inaugurated in the early 2010s. Indiana has low, single-rate state income taxes and has one of the most efficient property tax systems in the nation, using levy limits to constrain the unlegislated growth of property taxes. However, despite the state’s low, flat 2.95 percent individual income tax (down from 3.00 percent last year), Indiana allows its counties to impose nonuniform local income tax rates, which range from 0.5 to 3 percent, a factor that negatively impacts the state’s competitiveness.

Indiana’s flat corporate tax rate of 4.9 percent is one of the lowest in the Midwest. Unlike nearby Ohio, Indiana does not impose a harmful gross receipts tax. The state also does not have a throwback rule, offers generous carryforwards for net operating losses, and does not impose a capital stock tax. Indiana is decoupled from federal bonus depreciation—Section 168(k)—which permanently allows immediate full expensing of qualified machinery and equipment investments. Conformity to these provisions could strengthen Indiana’s attractiveness as a location for investment and innovation. Indiana is one of the few states that does not allow local governments to impose local option sales taxes. While the state’s sales tax rate of 7 percent is one of the highest in the country, the overall consumption tax burden is only moderately above average given the absence of a local-level tax. The sales tax base in the state is relatively narrow, as most personal consumption services are excluded from the base, while some business inputs are included. Modernizing the sales tax base is a potentially valuable reform for Indiana to consider.

In 2025, Indiana passed legislation tripling the state’s tobacco tax of $0.995 per pack of cigarettes to $2.995 per pack of cigarettes, surpassing Illinois in imposing the highest tobacco tax in the region.

Although the state taxes tangible personal property, its newly increased de minimis exemption of $2 million will significantly reduce compliance costs for both small and many medium-sized businesses. Additionally, Indiana does not impose inheritance, estate, or gift taxes.

Component Scores

#14 overall · 5.51 / 10

Each component is scored from 0 to 10, where 10 is best. Select a component for its detail page.

2.557.510CorporateIndividualIncomeSalesPropertyUnemploymentInsurance
Indiana Rank and Score by Component
Component Rank Score
Corporate Taxes #11 5.64 / 10
Individual Income Taxes #28 5.16 / 10
Sales Taxes #15 5.27 / 10
Property Taxes #4 6.39 / 10
Unemployment Insurance Taxes #14 5.51 / 10

Ranking Changes, 2020–2027

#14 in 2027 · down 4 places from 2020

Indiana ranked 10th in 2020 and ranks 14th in 2027, a decline of 4 places. The axis is zoomed to the state's range. Ranks for 2020 through 2026 are backcast under the current methodology.

RankHigher is better ↑8th10th12th14th20202021202220232024202520262027101111121191114
Show the Table
Indiana Rank and Score by Year
Year OverallCorporateIndividual IncomeSalesPropertyUnemployment Insurance
2020 10 (5.55) 7 (5.62) 17 (5.47) 16 (5.20) 3 (6.35) 18 (5.25)
2021 11 (5.51) 6 (5.66) 20 (5.35) 16 (5.22) 4 (6.30) 19 (5.24)
2022 11 (5.55) 5 (5.77) 17 (5.53) 19 (5.04) 3 (6.34) 23 (5.23)
2023 12 (5.58) 6 (5.74) 17 (5.50) 16 (5.17) 4 (6.31) 18 (5.31)
2024 11 (5.62) 7 (5.88) 20 (5.46) 14 (5.21) 4 (6.30) 15 (5.42)
2025 9 (5.69) 7 (5.86) 18 (5.56) 14 (5.40) 4 (6.31) 15 (5.43)
2026 11 (5.58) 7 (5.79) 21 (5.39) 15 (5.24) 4 (6.28) 15 (5.48)
2027 14 (5.51) 11 (5.64) 28 (5.16) 15 (5.27) 4 (6.39) 14 (5.51)

Indiana Compared across the States

#14 overall

Each row places the states on a 0 to 10 score scale for one measure. Indiana is the large outlined dot, and the dashed line is the 50-state median, so a dot to its right scores better than the typical state. Hover over or tab to any dot for detail, and select it to open that state's profile.

Overall

#14 5.51

Corporate Taxes

#11 5.64

Individual Income Taxes

#28 5.16

Sales Taxes

#15 5.27

Property Taxes

#4 6.39

Unemployment Insurance Taxes

#14 5.51

  • Indiana
  • Other states, by rank (1st to 50th)
  • 50-state median

Indiana and Its Neighbors

#14 overall

Indiana borders 4 states and ranks 14th overall; it outranks every one of them.

Indiana Bordering states
  • Indiana #14 Score 5.51 This state
  • Michigan #25 Score 5.21 11 places behind
  • Kentucky #26 Score 5.20 12 places behind
  • Ohio #36 Score 4.85 22 places behind
  • Illinois #38 Score 4.68 24 places behind

What Each Component Includes

The five components of the Index, what each one covers, and where Indiana lands. Open any component for the full breakdown.

  • Corporate Taxes

    Rank #11

    Includes corporate income taxes and gross receipts taxes. Measures the impact of each state’s principal tax on business activities.

    • Corporate Income Tax Rates
    • Tax Credits and Gross Receipts Deductions
    • Net Operating Losses
    • Treatment of Capital Investment
    • Other Corporate Base Variables
    Full Breakdown for Indiana →
  • Individual Income Taxes

    Rank #28

    Covers the tax individuals pay on income, and with it a significant number of businesses — sole proprietorships, partnerships, and S corporations — that report their income through the individual income tax code.

    • Individual Income Tax Rates
    • Marriage Penalty, Capital Income, Indexation
    • Other Individual Base Variables
    Full Breakdown for Indiana →
  • Sales Taxes

    Rank #15

    Covers the general sales tax levied on the purchase price of goods and services, plus excise taxes on gasoline, diesel, tobacco, vapor products, beer, and spirits, and taxes on digital advertising.

    • Sales and Excise Tax Rates
    • Business-to-Business Exemptions
    • Consumer Goods and Services in the Base
    • Sales Tax Structure
    Full Breakdown for Indiana →
  • Property Taxes

    Rank #4

    Includes taxes on real and personal property, net worth, and the transfer of assets — among them capital stock, estate, inheritance, and real estate transfer taxes.

    • Property and Capital Stock Tax Rates
    • Property Tax Bases
    Full Breakdown for Indiana →
  • Unemployment Insurance Taxes

    Rank #14

    Covers the taxes employers pay into the state unemployment insurance program to finance benefits for workers recently unemployed.

    • UI Tax Rates
    • Experience Formulas and Charging Methods
    • Other UI Base Variables
    Full Breakdown for Indiana →

Tax Data Explorer

Every policy variable behind Indiana's 2027 scores, grouped by the report's tables, as of July 1, 2026. Its bordering states are shown alongside to start. Search the variables and values, or add up to 4 states to compare side by side.

147 data points · Shaded values differ from Indiana

Corporate Taxes: Corporate Income Tax Rates

VariableIndianaIllinoisKentuckyMichiganOhio
Bracket 14.9% > $09.5% > $0 (differs)5.0% > $0 (differs)6.0% > $0 (differs)None (differs)
Gross Receipts TaxNoNoNoNoYes (differs)
Gross Receipts Tax Minimum Raten.a.n.a.n.a.n.a.0.26% (differs)
Gross Receipts Tax Maximum Raten.a.n.a.n.a.n.a.0.26% (differs)
Gross Receipts Tax Rate Used in the Indexn.a.n.a.n.a.n.a.0.26% (differs)

Corporate Taxes: Tax Credits and Gross Receipts Deductions

VariableIndianaIllinoisKentuckyMichiganOhio
Job CreditsYesYesYesNo (differs)Yes
Research and Development CreditsYesYesYesYesYes
Investment CreditsYesYesYesNo (differs)Yes
Compensation Expenses Deductiblen.a.n.a.n.a.n.a.No (differs)
Cost of Goods Sold Deductiblen.a.n.a.n.a.n.a.No (differs)

Corporate Taxes: Net Operating Losses

VariableIndianaIllinoisKentuckyMichiganOhio
Conforms to Federal NOL TreatmentNoNoYes (differs)Non.a. (differs)
Carryback (Years)00Conforms to federal treatment (differs)0n.a. (differs)
Carryback Cap$0$0Conforms to federal treatment (differs)$0n.a. (differs)
Carryforward (Years)2020Conforms to federal treatment (differs)10 (differs)n.a. (differs)
Carryforward CapUnlimited$500,000 (differs)Conforms to federal treatment (differs)Unlimitedn.a. (differs)

Corporate Taxes: Treatment of Capital Investment

VariableIndianaIllinoisKentuckyMichiganOhio
Section 168(k) Expensing0%0%0%0%100% (differs)
Conforms to Section 163(j) LimitationNoYes (differs)Yes (differs)Yes (differs)No
GILTI InclusionDecouples50% Inclusion (differs)DecouplesDecouplesn.a. (differs)
Section 174 ExpensingYesYesNo (differs)No (differs)Yes
Section 168(n) ExpensingNoNoNoNoYes (differs)

Corporate Taxes: Other Corporate Base Variables

VariableIndianaIllinoisKentuckyMichiganOhio
Federal Income Used as State Tax BaseYesYesYesYesYes
Conformity StatusStatic (current)Rolling (differs)Static (current)Rolling (differs)Static (current)
Allows Federal ACRS or MACRS DepreciationYesYesYesYesYes
Allows Federal DepletionYesYesYesYesYes
Throwback RuleNoYes (differs)NoNoNo
Foreign Tax DeductibilityYesYesNo (differs)No (differs)Yes
Corporate AMTNoNoYes (differs)NoNo
Brackets Indexed for InflationFlat CITFlat CITFlat CITFlat CITGRT (differs)

Individual Income Taxes: Individual Income Tax Rates

VariableIndianaIllinoisKentuckyMichiganOhio
Bracket 12.95% > $04.95% > $0 (differs)3.5% > $0 (differs)4.25% > $0 (differs)2.75% > $26,050 (differs)
Standard Deduction (Single Filer)n.a.n.a.$3,360 (differs)n.a.n.a.
Personal Exemption (Single Filer)$1,000$2,925 (differs)n.a. (differs)$5,900 (differs)$2,400 (differs)
Personal Exemption Credit (Single Filer)n.a.n.a.n.a.n.a.n.a.
Personal Exemption per Dependent$1,000$2,925 (differs)n.a. (differs)$5,900 (differs)$2,400 (differs)
Personal Exemption Credit per Dependentn.a.n.a.n.a.n.a.n.a.
Average Local Income Tax Rate1.76%None (differs)2.25% (differs)1.95% (differs)2.50% (differs)
Surtaxes on Wage Incomen.a.1.5% (differs)n.a.n.a.n.a.

Individual Income Taxes: Marriage Penalty, Capital Income, Indexation

VariableIndianaIllinoisKentuckyMichiganOhio
Marriage PenaltyNoNoNoNoYes (differs)
Married Couples Can File Separately on One ReturnNoNoYes (differs)NoNo
Convenience RuleNoNoNoNoNo
Interest TaxedYesYesYesYesYes
Dividends TaxedYesYesYesYesYes
Capital Gains TaxedYesYesYesYesYes
Combined Capital Gains Tax Rate4.755%4.95% (differs)3.5% (differs)6.2% (differs)3.125% (differs)
Tax Brackets Indexed for InflationYesYesYesYesNo (differs)
Standard Deduction Indexed for InflationYesYesYesYesYes
Personal Exemption Indexed for InflationNoYes (differs)Yes (differs)Yes (differs)No
Progressivity Ratio1.001.001.001.001.00

Individual Income Taxes: Other Individual Base Variables

VariableIndianaIllinoisKentuckyMichiganOhio
Federal Income Used as State Tax BaseYesYesYesYesYes
Conformity StatusStatic (current)Rolling (differs)Static (current)Rolling (differs)Static (current)
Credits for Taxes Paid to Other StatesYesYesYesYesYes
AMT LeviedNoNoNoNoNo
Recognition of S Corporation StatusYesYesYesYesYes
Section 179 Expensing Limit$25,000$2,560,000 (differs)$100,000 (differs)$1,250,000 (differs)$446,667 (differs)
TipsExemptTaxable (differs)Taxable (differs)ExemptTaxable (differs)
OvertimeExemptTaxable (differs)Taxable (differs)ExemptTaxable (differs)
Filing and Withholding Threshold Index10100 (differs)0 (differs)0.169 (differs)

Individual Income Taxes: Other Individual Income Variables

VariableIndianaIllinoisKentuckyMichiganOhio
Income RecaptureNoNoNoNoNo

Sales Taxes: Sales and Excise Tax Rates

VariableIndianaIllinoisKentuckyMichiganOhio
State Sales Tax Rate7.00%6.25% (differs)6.00% (differs)6.00% (differs)5.75% (differs)
Average Local Sales Tax Rate0.00%2.73% (differs)0.00%0.00%1.54% (differs)
Maximum Local Sales Tax RateNone4.75% (differs)NoneNone2.25% (differs)
Gasoline Tax (Cents per Gallon)63.1070.40 (differs)26.40 (differs)53.40 (differs)38.50 (differs)
Diesel Tax (Cents per Gallon)6477.9 (differs)23.4 (differs)53.4 (differs)47 (differs)
Cigarette Tax (Dollars per Pack of 20)$2.995$2.98 (differs)$1.103 (differs)$2.00 (differs)$1.60 (differs)
Beer Tax (Dollars per Gallon)$0.115$0.231 (differs)$0.8906 (differs)$0.2032 (differs)$0.18 (differs)
Spirits Tax (Dollars per Gallon)$2.68$8.55 (differs)$9.56 (differs)$14.61 (differs)$12.33 (differs)
Vapor Tax Ratio to Cigarette Tax78.50%117.75% (differs)83.3333% (differs)n.a. (differs)10.00% (differs)

Sales Taxes: Business-to-Business Exemptions

VariableIndianaIllinoisKentuckyMichiganOhio
Business InputsSome TaxableSome TaxableSome TaxableSome TaxableSome Taxable
Farm EquipmentExemptExemptExemptExemptExempt
Office EquipmentTaxableTaxableTaxableTaxableTaxable
Manufacturing MachineryExemptExemptPartial (differs)ExemptExempt
Manufacturing Raw MaterialsExemptExemptExemptExemptExempt
Business Fuel and UtilitiesExemptExemptExemptExemptExempt
Business Leases and RentalsTaxableTaxableTaxableTaxableTaxable
Information ServicesExemptExemptExemptExemptTaxable (differs)
Software as a Service (SaaS)ExemptExemptTaxable (differs)ExemptTaxable (differs)
Platform as a Service (PaaS)ExemptExemptTaxable (differs)ExemptTaxable (differs)
Digital B2B ProductsExemptExemptTaxable (differs)ExemptTaxable (differs)
Payroll ServicesExemptExemptExemptExemptTaxable (differs)
Data Center PurchasesExemptTaxable (differs)ExemptExemptTaxable (differs)
Digital Advertising TaxNoNoNoNoNo

Sales Taxes: Consumer Goods and Services in the Base

VariableIndianaIllinoisKentuckyMichiganOhio
GroceriesExemptAlternate Rate (differs)ExemptExemptExempt
ClothingTaxableTaxableTaxableTaxableTaxable
Prescription MedicationExemptAlternate Rate (differs)ExemptExemptExempt
Nonprescription MedicationTaxableAlternate Rate (differs)TaxableTaxableTaxable
GasolineExemptTaxable (differs)ExemptExemptExempt
LandscapingExemptExemptTaxable (differs)ExemptTaxable (differs)
Repair ServicesExemptExemptExemptExemptTaxable (differs)
Real Estate ServicesExemptExemptExemptExemptExempt
ParkingExemptTaxable (differs)Taxable (differs)ExemptExempt
Dry CleaningExemptExemptTaxable (differs)Taxable (differs)Taxable (differs)
Fitness ServicesExemptExemptTaxable (differs)ExemptTaxable (differs)
Barber ServicesExemptExemptExemptExemptExempt
Veterinary ServicesExemptExemptTaxable (differs)ExemptExempt
E-BooksTaxableExempt (differs)TaxableExempt (differs)Taxable
Streaming VideoTaxableExempt (differs)Exempt (differs)Exempt (differs)Taxable
Medical ServicesExemptExemptExemptExemptExempt
Legal ServicesExemptExemptExemptExemptExempt
Financial ServicesExemptExemptExemptExemptExempt
Accounting ServicesExemptExemptExemptExemptExempt
Sales Tax HolidayNoYes (differs)NoNoYes (differs)

Sales Taxes: Sales Tax Structure

VariableIndianaIllinoisKentuckyMichiganOhio
Uniform Base DefinitionsYesYesYesYesYes
Unified Tax AdministrationYesYesYesYesYes
Safe Harbor for Remote SellersGross Sales ThresholdGross Sales ThresholdSales or Transactions Threshold (differs)Sales or Transactions Threshold (differs)Sales or Transactions Threshold (differs)

Property Taxes: Property and Capital Stock Tax Rates

VariableIndianaIllinoisKentuckyMichiganOhio
Property Tax Collections per Capita$1,487$3,016 (differs)$1,118 (differs)$1,894 (differs)$1,688 (differs)
Property Tax as a Percentage of Personal Income2.32%4.04% (differs)1.92% (differs)2.96% (differs)2.61% (differs)
Assessment LimitNoNoNoYes (differs)No
Levy LimitYesYesNo (differs)YesYes
Capital Stock Tax RateNone0.1% (differs)NoneNoneNone
Capital Stock Tax Maximum Paymentn.a.$2,000,000 (differs)n.a.n.a.n.a.
Payment Options for Capital Stock and Corporate Income Taxesn.a.Pay both (differs)n.a.n.a.n.a.

Property Taxes: Property Tax Bases

VariableIndianaIllinoisKentuckyMichiganOhio
Tangible Personal Property TaxYesNo (differs)YesYesNo (differs)
Tangible Personal Property De Minimis Exemption$2,000,000n.a. (differs)$1,000 (differs)$180,000 (differs)n.a. (differs)
Intangible Property TaxNoNoYes (differs)NoNo
Inventory TaxNoNoYes (differs)Partial (differs)No
Real Estate Transfer TaxNoYes (differs)Yes (differs)Yes (differs)Yes (differs)
Split RollNoYes (differs)NoNoNo
Split Roll Ratio1.002.50 (differs)1.001.001.00
Estate TaxNo16% (differs)NoNoNo
Inheritance TaxNoNo16% (differs)NoNo
Gift TaxNoNoNoNoNo

Unemployment Insurance Taxes: UI Tax Rates

VariableIndianaIllinoisKentuckyMichiganOhio
Minimum Rate0.50%0.75% (differs)0.30% (differs)0.06% (differs)0.55% (differs)
Maximum Rate7.40%7.05% (differs)9.00% (differs)12.20% (differs)10.25% (differs)
Taxable Wage Base$9,500$14,250 (differs)$12,000 (differs)$9,500$9,000 (differs)
Most Favorable Schedule: Minimum Rate0.00%0.20% (differs)0.00%0.00%0.00%
Most Favorable Schedule: Maximum Rate5.40%6.40% (differs)9.00% (differs)6.30% (differs)6.30% (differs)
Least Favorable Schedule: Minimum Rate0.75%0.20% (differs)1.00% (differs)0.00% (differs)0.30% (differs)
Least Favorable Schedule: Maximum Rate10.20%6.40% (differs)10.00% (differs)6.30% (differs)6.70% (differs)
Employer Contributions as a Share of Total Wages0.25%0.57% (differs)0.37% (differs)0.47% (differs)0.42% (differs)
Employer Contributions as a Share of Taxable Wages1.32%2.80% (differs)1.62% (differs)2.75% (differs)2.44% (differs)
Trust Fund Solvency Ratio0.770.23 (differs)0.7 (differs)0.5 (differs)0.43 (differs)
New Employer Rate2.50%2.70% (differs)2.70% (differs)2.70% (differs)2.70% (differs)

Unemployment Insurance Taxes: Experience Formulas and Charging Methods

VariableIndianaIllinoisKentuckyMichiganOhio
Experience Formula Based OnReserve RatioBenefits Ratio (differs)Reserve RatioBenefits Ratio (differs)Reserve Ratio
Benefits Charged in Proportion to Base-Period WagesNo (base-period employers in inverse chronological order)No (most recent or principal employer) (differs)No (most recent or principal employer) (differs)Yes (differs)Yes (differs)
Charged If Employee's Benefit Award Is ReversedNoNoNoYes (differs)No
Charged for Reimbursements on Combined Wage ClaimsNoNoNoNoNo
Charged If Employee Left VoluntarilyNoNoNoNoNo
Charged If Employee Was Discharged for MisconductNoNoNoNoNo
Charged If Employee Refused Suitable WorkYesNo (differs)No (differs)No (differs)No (differs)
Charged If Employee Continues to Work Part-TimeNoNoNoNoNo

Unemployment Insurance Taxes: Other UI Base Variables

VariableIndianaIllinoisKentuckyMichiganOhio
Solvency TaxNoYes (differs)NoYes (differs)Yes (differs)
Taxes for Socialized Costs or Negative Balance EmployersNoNoNoYes (differs)Yes (differs)
Loan and Interest Repayment SurtaxesYesNo (differs)YesYesNo (differs)
Reserve TaxesNoNoNoNoNo
Surtaxes for UI Administration or Non-UI PurposesNoNoYes (differs)NoYes (differs)
Temporary Disability InsuranceNoNoNoNoNo
Voluntary ContributionsYesNo (differs)YesYesYes
Years to Qualify for Experience Rating3331 (differs)1.5 (differs)

Share This Page

About the Authors

Janelle Fritts Tax Foundation
Expert

Janelle Fritts

Senior Policy Analyst

Janelle Fritts is a Senior Policy Analyst with the Tax Foundation’s Center for State Tax Policy. She is the lead researcher on the annual State Tax Competitiveness Index and serves as a resource to policymakers in their efforts to modernize and improve the structures of their state tax codes. Her work has been cited in The New York Times, the Associated Press, Bloomberg, and numerous state media outlets across the country.

Jared Walczak Tax Foundation
Expert

Jared Walczak

Senior Fellow

Jared Walczak is a Senior Fellow at the Tax Foundation, where he spent five years as Vice President of State Projects, and president of Walczak Policy Consulting.

Nicole Fox Tax Foundation
Expert

Nicole Fox

Policy Analyst

Nicole Fox is a Policy Analyst with the Center for State Tax Policy at the Tax Foundation, where she serves as a resource to policymakers in their efforts to modernize and improve the structure of their state tax codes.

Katherine Loughead Tax Foundation
Expert

Katherine Loughead

Vice President of State Tax Policy

Katherine Loughead is the Vice President of State Tax Policy at the Tax Foundation, where she oversees the state tax policy team’s research agenda and serves as a resource to policymakers in their efforts to modernize and improve the structure of their state tax codes.

Media Contacts

Sarah Wilbur Tax Foundation Media Relations Contact

Sarah Wilbur

Communications Manager

Sarah Wilbur is Communications Manager at the Tax Foundation where she advances the organization’s institutional reach by developing its corporate communications and media programs.

Jesse Solis Tax Foundation

Jesse Solis

Vice President of Communications

Jesse Solis is Vice President of Communications at the Tax Foundation, where he leads the communications team and works to build coverage of Tax Foundation’s experts and their work across the globe. He joined the team in 2021 as Communications Manager and became Communications Director in 2024.