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![Massachusetts millionaire tax, Massachusetts millionaires' tax amendment](https://taxfoundation.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/06/FINAL-013-300x251.png)
![Maine hotels, Maine campgrounds, Maine food, Maine lobster, Portland Maine, Maine lighthouses](https://taxfoundation.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/06/Maine-lighthouse-e1561044663184-300x168.jpg)
![intellectual property IP tax GILTI FDII global minimum tax Biden tax patent boxes impact business, patent boxes, software, intellectual property tax](https://taxfoundation.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/06/IP-patent-boxe-e1561041263501-300x184.jpeg)
How Patent Boxes Impact Business Decisions
As with every change in tax policy, there are trade-offs. The Modified Nexus Approach adds an additional layer of complexity to the already complex issue of taxing IP income. Linking tax breaks for IP income to its associated R&D activity has changed the game and will likely result in some businesses restructuring and relocating their IP assets and R&D activity. Effective tax rates on IP income will likely play an important role in determining optimal locations, giving measures such as R&D credits more importance. Whether this new approach to IP taxation will impact profit shifting and which countries will be the winners and losers is yet to be seen.
6 min read![patent box regimes, European intellectual property tax, IP, patent box regimes, IP regimes, licensing](https://taxfoundation.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/06/Patent-C-FV-01-292x300.png)
Patent Box Regimes in Europe
4 min read![Distilled spirits, liquor, liquor tax, liquor taxes, spirits excise tax, spirits excise taxes on spirits](https://taxfoundation.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/03/FINAL-011-300x284.png)
Distilled Spirits Taxes by State, 2019
3 min read![cadillac tax, patient protection and affordable care act, health insurance, healthcare](https://taxfoundation.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/06/health-care-cadillac-tax-e1560873527604-300x200.jpg)
The “Cadillac” Tax and the Income Tax Exclusion for Employer-Sponsored Insurance
The Cadillac tax offers one way that policymakers can work to rein in our tax code’s subsidization of the health-care industry, which has increased the price of health-care services.
18 min read![international tax avoidance To help countries face the pandemic-related financing needs while reducing inequality, the International Monetary Fund (IMF) has released a series of policy recommendations based on a temporary COVID-19 tax, levied on high incomes or wealth. IMF tax proposals: shrink inequality or harm pandemic economic recovery? OECD work plan, BEPs 2.0, base erosion, profit allocation, global minimum tax, base erosion and profit shifting oecd](https://taxfoundation.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/06/international-global-flag-oecd-eu-e1560791893281-300x201.jpeg)
Summary and Analysis of the OECD’s Work Program for BEPS 2.0
From a broad standpoint, agreement at the OECD will require countries to give up some measure of their own tax sovereignty on policies they have designed to minimize the distortionary effects of the corporate income tax. Over the years tax competition has led to some countries adopting policies that are attractive to businesses because they have a more neutral rather than distortionary approach to taxing corporate income. This project could directly undermine that progress by introducing new levels of complexity and distortion that would ultimately have a negative impact on global trade and growth.
34 min read![OECD global tax deal CFC Rules, OECD CFC, OECD multinational, OECD minimum tax, OECD multinational companies](https://taxfoundation.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/06/international-globe-enhanced-e1560780254911-300x200.jpg)
CFC Rules Around the World
Our paper undertakes a review of controlled foreign corporation (CFC) rules around the world as a contribution to the global discussion over the possible expansion of existing anti-base erosion CFC regimes or the potential adoption of a minimum tax.
3 min read![church parking tax, church tax, nonprofit tax, charity tax](https://taxfoundation.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/06/church-religious-charity-parking-e1560531362720-300x187.jpeg)