![IRS State and Local Tax Deduction SALT Workaround, Federal income data, AGI](https://taxfoundation.org/wp-content/uploads/2015/11/IRS-300x157.jpg)
Nicole Kaeding was Vice President of Federal and Special Projects at the Tax Foundation, where she researched federal and state tax issues. Her analysis has been featured in The New York Times, The Wall Street Journal, The Washington Post, National Public Radio, and numerous other national, state, and local publications.
Nicole has testified or presented to officials in 17 states and has testified before Congress.
Previously, Nicole was a budget analyst for the Cato Institute focused on federal and state fiscal policy, and the state policy manager for Americans for Prosperity Foundation where she oversaw the policy activities of AFPF’s 34 state chapters. Prior to working in public policy, Nicole managed retail banking locations for seven years in Indiana and Illinois.
She graduated from DePaul University with a master’s degree in Economics and Policy Analysis, and completed her undergraduate studies at Miami University majoring in Finance and Political Science.
Nicole lives in Arlington, Virginia with her husband and two children.
Latest Work
![IRS State and Local Tax Deduction SALT Workaround, Federal income data, AGI](https://taxfoundation.org/wp-content/uploads/2015/11/IRS-300x157.jpg)
![](https://taxfoundation.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/01/Mississippi-300x225.jpg)
![New York Tax, New York data tax, New York tax on data,](https://taxfoundation.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/01/new-york-city-nyc-1-e1591113487843-300x200.jpg)
![](https://taxfoundation.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/01/property-e1529343560226-300x200.jpg)
![Corporate Income Tax Conformity by State](https://taxfoundation.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/03/CorpConformity-02-300x295.png)
Does Your State’s Corporate Income Tax Code Conform with the Federal Tax Code?
Whether your state’s corporate income tax code conforms to the federal corporate income tax code matters a great deal for how the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act will impact revenue in your state.
2 min read![tax cuts and jobs act state impact](https://taxfoundation.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/01/states-300x182.jpg)
The Tax Cuts and Jobs Act: The Impacts of Jobs and Incomes by State
Overall, the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act is projected to add 339,000 new jobs to the U.S. economy and boost average after-tax incomes for middle-income families by $649.43. Here’s how jobs and after-tax wages will be impacted in your state.
2 min read![state and local tax deduction](https://taxfoundation.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/02/taxes2-300x100.png)
Prepaying SALT isn’t an Option
As the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act seeks to simplify the tax code, a last-minute provision closed a potential new tax-planning strategy germinating before the bill even passed.
2 min read![Conference Report Tax Cuts and Jobs Act](https://taxfoundation.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/12/AdobeStock_75343984-1-e1529337450453-300x167.jpeg)
![Individual Income Tax Conformity by State](https://taxfoundation.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/03/IndConformity-011-300x281.png)
Does Your State’s Individual Income Tax Code Conform with the Federal Tax Code?
As the federal government continues to debate tax reform, states, and many taxpayers, are asking an important question: How is my state’s tax code impacted? The exact impacts won’t be known until the federal bill is finalized, but a good place to start is understanding the issue of conformity.
2 min read![Arkansas Tax Reform](https://taxfoundation.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/02/ArkansasCapitol-300x169.jpg)
![](https://taxfoundation.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/11/14785020399_106b32fc94_o-300x200.jpg)
Property Taxes in Arkansas
As Arkansas considers tax reform, expanding or increasing the state’s property tax, if used to finance other tax changes, would be worth exploring.
7 min read![Tax on stock buybacks Wyden stock buybacks tax Tax Cuts and Jobs Act, House Ways and Means, temporary tax policy](https://taxfoundation.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/01/flickr_-_uscapitol_-_east_fron-300x215.jpg)
JCT’s Dynamic Score is Positive But Underestimates Economic Benefits
The Joint Committee on Taxation (JCT) dynamic scoring estimate of the Senate’s Tax Cuts and Jobs Act confirms that tax changes impact economic growth. While JCT’s estimates are positive, there is reason to believe that the tax plan would produce even greater dynamic effects than its analysis shows.
3 min read![](https://taxfoundation.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/11/JCT-Table-Mandate-2021-300x137.png)
Understanding JCT’s New Distributional Tables for the Senate’s Tax Cuts and Jobs Act
Much attention is being paid to distributional tables released by JCT on the Senate’s Tax Cuts and Jobs Act, but their results don’t quite seem to show what some are suggesting. While the results appears to show a tax increase for some lower-income filers, this is due to the unique nature of the individual mandate and the premium tax credits available under the Affordable Care Act.
2 min read![Longworth House Tax Cuts and Jobs Act](https://taxfoundation.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/11/Longworth_House_Office_Building_26232620606-e1529337557878-300x200.jpg)
The House Takes a Big Step Forward on Tax Reform
The House of Representatives passed the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act by a vote of 227-205. Here is a summary of the major provisions in the final package.
2 min read![Tax Cuts and Jobs Act Senate Amendment](https://taxfoundation.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/09/Dirksen-e1529341366604-300x191.jpg)
Overview of the Senate’s Amendment to the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act
The Chairman’s Mark of the Senate’s Tax Cuts and Jobs Act includes a number of important changes. Here’s a quick overview of those that matter most.
3 min read![senate tax cuts and jobs act state impact](https://taxfoundation.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/11/AdobeStock_13033979-e1529337582766-300x225.jpeg)
The Senate Tax Cuts and Jobs Act: The Impacts of Jobs and Incomes by State
See the state-by-state impact of the Senate Tax Cuts and Jobs Act for both new jobs and the boost to after-tax incomes for middle-income families.
2 min read![small business pass-through tax](https://taxfoundation.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/11/AdobeStock_75706582-e1529337628444-300x200.jpeg)
Small Pass-Through Businesses Would See Some Benefits Under the House Tax Cuts and Jobs Act
Even with large changes, many in the pass-through community are arguing that small pass-throughs don’t benefit since most or all of their taxable income falls below the 25 percent maximum rate. While correct on the small point, advocates miss the greater tax reform picture. Small pass-through businesses would still benefit from a number of other changes.
2 min read![](https://taxfoundation.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/11/14785020399_106b32fc94_o-300x200.jpg)
![](https://taxfoundation.org/wp-content/uploads/2013/01/north-carolina-capitol-300x225.jpg)
Sales Tax Base Broadening: Right-Sizing a State Sales Tax
Due in part to historical accident and also to the proliferation of exemptions, the effectiveness of the state sales tax continues to erode. The median state sales tax, which should apply to all personal consumption, is nonly applied to 23 percent of personal consumption.
27 min read