On Thursday, Gov Mark Dayton (D) followed through on his veto warning earlier in the week by rejecting a taxA tax is a mandatory payment or charge collected by local, state, and national governments from individuals or businesses to cover the costs of general government services, goods, and activities. bill that had cleared the Minnesota Legislature. Dayton has said he won’t sign a bill or even participate in negotiations until the legislature can come to an agreement on emergency school aid. The governor has requested $138 million in additional school funding. Speaker Daudt and Senate Majority Leader Gazelka sent a letter to the Governor after the veto asking to meet to negotiate the bill.
While Governor Dayton’s plan varied considerably with the original tax plans released by the House and Senate, the original House and Senate plans were relatively similar. The final version sent to – and vetoed by – Governor Dayton primarily included conformity measures and some modest rate reductions.
The conference committee version reduces the 5.35 and 7.05 percent individual income taxAn individual income tax (or personal income tax) is levied on the wages, salaries, investments, or other forms of income an individual or household earns. The U.S. imposes a progressive income tax where rates increase with income. The Federal Income Tax was established in 1913 with the ratification of the 16th Amendment. Though barely 100 years old, individual income taxes are the largest source of tax revenue in the U.S. brackets to 5.3 and 6.95 percent immediately, then to 5.25 percent and 6.85 percent in 2020. It also reduces the corporate income taxA corporate income tax (CIT) is levied by federal and state governments on business profits. Many companies are not subject to the CIT because they are taxed as pass-through businesses, with income reportable under the individual income tax. rate from 9.8 percent to 9.65 immediately, then to 9.1 percent in 2020, as well as repeals the corporate alternative minimum tax. It also conforms to the increased Section 179 federal expensing amounts, a pro-growth measure included in the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act.
Both bills effectively decouple from several international provisions, including Global Intangible Low Tax Income (GILTI) and Foreign Derived Intangible Income (FDII). It does, however, include deemed repatriated income in the state tax baseThe tax base is the total amount of income, property, assets, consumption, transactions, or other economic activity subject to taxation by a tax authority. A narrow tax base is non-neutral and inefficient. A broad tax base reduces tax administration costs and allows more revenue to be raised at lower rates. , but allows for a federal deduction that taxes the net amount, not the gross amount. If the state does choose to move forward with this, policymakers should keep in mind that this should be treated as one-time money, not revenue to be built into the budget indefinitely.
Conforming to the federal tax code is important for a number of reasons, including reducing compliance costs for taxpayers. Without a conformity bill this session, Minnesota taxpayers can’t rely on consistent definitions between their state and federal income tax returns, and businesses will essentially be forced to keep two sets of books. Complying with the tax code is already complicated—Minnesota shouldn’t make it more difficult for taxpayers in the state by refusing to conform to even the most basic changes to the federal tax code.
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