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2025 capital gains tax rates in europe, 2025 capital gains taxes by country

Capital Gains Tax Rates in Europe, 2025

Capital gains taxes create a bias against saving, leading to a lower level of national income by encouraging present consumption over investment.

5 min read
Net wealth taxes in europe, 2025 wealth taxes including France wealth tax and Spain wealth tax

Wealth Taxes in Europe, 2025

Wealth taxes not only collect little revenue and create legal uncertainty, but an OECD report argues that they can also disincentivize entrepreneurship, harming innovation and long-term growth.

5 min read
2024 European Tax Policy Scorecard

2024 European Tax Policy Scorecard

The variety of approaches to taxation among European countries creates a need to evaluate these systems relative to each other. For that purpose, we have developed the European Tax Policy Scorecard—a relative comparison of European countries’ tax systems.

55 min read

Reducing Germany’s Corporate Tax Rate to 25 Percent

Ahead of Germany’s federal election, the country’s economy remains stuck in a prolonged recession, with GDP stagnating for the past two years and failing to surpass its pre-pandemic level.

6 min read
Taxes and the French Revolution

Taxes and the French Revolution

The French Revolution provides insight into the relationship between a government and its citizens and serves as a reminder that tax policy can have impacts (big and small) that last for centuries.

Trump reciprocal tariffs EU VAT The European VAT is Not a Discriminatory Tax Against US Exports

The European VAT is Not a Discriminatory Tax Against US Exports

The Trump administration appears to be moving in a “reciprocal” policy direction despite the significant negative economic consequences for American consumers of across-the-board tariffs on goods coming into the US. However, the EU’s VAT system should not be used as a justification for retaliatory tariffs.

6 min read
EU VAT policy including EU VAT revenue and EU VAT compliance report

The EU’s Questionable VAT Policy

In a recent survey regarding companies’ barriers to conducting business in the EU single market, VAT ranked first. Policymakers should invest in reforming VAT systems to close both compliance and policy gaps in ways that improve the overall efficiency of their tax systems.

7 min read