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![european countries with a carbon tax, carbon tax rates in Europe, carbon taxes in Europe](https://taxfoundation.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/10/Carbon-Taxes-in-Europe-2020-FV-C-01-300x292.png)
Carbon Taxes in Europe, 2020
17 European countries have implemented a carbon tax, ranging from less than €1 per metric ton of carbon emissions in Ukraine and Poland to over €100 in Sweden.
3 min read![Recent changes in top dividend tax rates in Europe 2020](https://taxfoundation.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/09/Dividend-Recent-Changes-FV-01-300x292.png)
Recent Changes in Dividend Tax Rates in Europe
Over the last three years, eight European OECD countries have made changes to their dividend tax rates. Iceland, Norway, Slovenia, Switzerland, and Turkey increased their rates, each between roughly one and three percentage points. France, Greece, and Latvia cut their rates by 10 percentage points.
2 min read![Recent Changes in Top Personal Income Tax Rates in Europe 2020 Top individual income tax rates in Europe](https://taxfoundation.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/09/Recent-Changes-in-Top-Personal-Income-Tax-Rates-in-Europe-2020-297x300.png)
Recent Changes in Top Personal Income Tax Rates in Europe
Ten European OECD countries recently changed their top personal income tax rates. Of the ten countries, six cut their top personal income tax rates while the other four raised their top rates.
4 min read![](https://taxfoundation.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/09/Sweden_carbon_tax_crop_20-small-300x170.jpeg)
Looking Back on 30 Years of Carbon Taxes in Sweden
Implemented in 1991, Sweden’s carbon tax was one of the first in the world. Since then, Sweden’s carbon emissions have been declining, while there has been steady economic growth. Today, Sweden levies the highest carbon tax rate in the world and its carbon tax revenues have been decreasing slightly over the last decade.
21 min read![VAT Gap EU member state 2020](https://taxfoundation.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/09/VAT-Gap-2020-FV-01-291x300.png)
New European Commission Report: VAT Gap
Just as COVID-19 is putting pressure on other sources of revenue, the loss of VAT revenues resulting from the crisis will force governments to evaluate their VAT systems.
3 min read![Recent changes in statutory corporate income tax rates in Europe, 2020 corporate tax trends in Europe](https://taxfoundation.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/09/recent-changes-in-statutory-corporate-income-tax-rates-in-europe-2020-corporate-tax-trends-01-300x293.png)
Recent Changes in Statutory Corporate Income Tax Rates in Europe
Over the last two decades, corporate income tax rates have declined around the world. Our new map shows the most recent changes in corporate tax rates in European OECD countries, comparing how combined statutory corporate income tax rates have changed between 2017 and 2020.
3 min read![European tax treaties, European tax treaty network](https://taxfoundation.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/09/European-tax-treaty-network-European-tax-treaties-01-285x300.png)
Tax Treaty Network of European Countries
Tax treaties usually provide mechanisms to eliminate double taxation and can provide certainty and stability for taxpayers and encourage foreign investment and trade. A broad network of tax treaties contributes to the competitiveness of an economy.
1 min read![Thin-capitalization rules, Thin-cap rules in Europe](https://taxfoundation.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/08/Thin-Cap-2020-FV-01-01-296x300.png)
Thin-Cap Rules in Europe
To discourage a certain form of international debt shifting, many countries have implemented so-called thin-capitalization rules (thin-cap rules), which limit the amount of interest a multinational business can deduct for tax purposes.
4 min read![CFC rules in Europe, Controlled Foreign Corporation Rules in Europe 2020, CFC rules in Europe 2020](https://taxfoundation.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/08/CFC-Rules-2020-DV1-01-300x290.png)
CFC Rules in Europe
To prevent businesses from minimizing their tax liability by taking advantage of cross-country differences in taxation, countries have implemented various anti-tax avoidance measures, one known as Controlled Foreign Corporation (CFC) rules.
5 min read![LIFO vs FIFO vs Weighted Average Cost. Inventory Valuation in Europe 2020](https://taxfoundation.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/08/Inventory-Valuation-DV2-01-300x289.png)
Inventory Valuation in Europe
The method by which a country allows businesses to account for inventories can significantly impact a business’s taxable income. When prices are rising, as is usually the case due to factors like inflation, LIFO is the preferred method because it allows inventory costs to be closer to true costs at the time of sale.
2 min read![real property taxes in Europe, European property tax rankings, property tax collections as a percent of the private capital stock in 2019](https://taxfoundation.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/08/Real-Property-2020-FV-01-284x300.png)
Real Property Taxes in Europe
High property taxes levied not only on land but also on buildings and structures can discourage investment because they disincentivise investing in infrastructure, which businesses would have to pay additional tax on. For this reason, it may also influence business location decisions away from places with high property tax.
3 min read![inheritance taxes in europe, estate taxes in europe, Estate tax europe, inheritance tax europe, gift tax europe](https://taxfoundation.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/07/Estate-Inheritance-FV-01-295x300.png)
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Distilled Spirits Taxes in Europe
2 min read![EU cigarette tax rates, Cigarette taxes in the EU, Excise duties on Tobacco European Union](https://taxfoundation.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/07/Cigarette-2020-FV-01-e1594835253819-283x300.png)
Cigarette Taxes in Europe
Ireland and the United Kingdom levy the highest excise duties on cigarettes in the European Union (EU), at €8.00 ($8.95) and €6.83 ($7.64) per 20-cigarette pack, respectively. This compares to an EU average of €3.22 ($3.61). Bulgaria (€1.80 or $2.01) and Slovakia (€2.07 or $2.32) levy the lowest excise duties.
2 min read![Gas taxes in Europe, How do gas taxes in Europe compare? Compare gas tax rates in Europe 2020 gas tax rates in the EU](https://taxfoundation.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/07/Gas-2020-FV-01-285x300.png)
Gas Taxes in Europe
3 min read![Europe beer tax map, Beer taxes in Europe, European beer, beer in Europe, Czech republic beer, Estonia beer, Ireland beer, UK beer, Germany beer, Irish beer, German beer, Spanish beer, Polish beer, Austria beer](https://taxfoundation.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/07/Beer-2020-FV-011-285x300.png)
Beer Taxes in Europe
2 min read![France wine tax, French wine tax, Spanish Wine, Portuguese wine, Greek wine, Wine taxes in Europe, European countries well-known for their wines](https://taxfoundation.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/06/Wine-June-2020-FV-01-297x300.png)
Wine Taxes in Europe
2 min read![](https://taxfoundation.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/06/Capital-Gains-Europe-2020-01-293x300.png)
Capital Gains Tax Rates in Europe, 2020
2 min read![VAT complexity in Europe, complexity of VATs in Europe, Value Added Tax complexity in Europe, Value-Added Tax administrative tax burden in europe 2020, VAT administrative tax burden europe 2020](https://taxfoundation.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/06/VAT-Complexity-FV-01-295x300.png)
Complexity of VATs in Europe
2 min read![complexity of corporate taxes in europe, corporate tax compliance in europe. corporate tax administrative tax burden in europe](https://taxfoundation.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/06/CIT-complexity-fv-01-292x300.png)