We have modeled the economic and distributional effects of the Senate tax bill passed last night. The first set of tables below show the results of modeling the basic components within the Senate bill – the 39.6% bracket, the capital gains and dividend taxA tax is a mandatory payment or charge collected by local, state, and national governments from individuals or businesses to cover the costs of general government services, goods, and activities. rate increase to 20%, and the new PEP and Pease phase-out. There is no business expensing provision in this first set, because the Senate provision is not permanent (1 year extension) and would have no lasting effect on capital accumulation. The model is run at 2008 income levels, then inflated to 2012 dollars. First, GDP effects and static and dynamic revenues. Second, static revenue over the budget window. Third, distribution tables, static and dynamic. The second set of tables below does include the effects of a permanet 50 percent expensing provision.
Economic and Budget Effects of the American Taxpayer Relief Act of 2012, as passed by the Senate January 1, 2013Rates and PEP & Pease (Billions 2012 $ except as noted) |
|
|
GDP |
-1.38% |
|
Private business GDP |
-1.45% |
|
Private business stocks |
-3.55% |
|
Wage rate |
-1.05% |
|
Private business hours of work |
-0.40% |
|
Federal revenue (dynamic)($ billions) |
$29.6 |
|
Federal spending ($ billions) |
-$7.6 |
|
Federal deficit (+ = lower deficit) ($ bil.) |
$37.2 |
|
Static revenue estimate ($ billions) |
$80.0 |
|
% Revenue reflow vs. dynamic |
-63.0% |
|
$GDP ($ billions) |
-$217.7 |
|
$GDP/$tax increase (dollars) |
-$8.0 |
|
Weighted Average Service Price |
%Change |
|
Corporate |
2.39% |
|
Noncorporate |
1.68% |
|
All business |
2.18% |
Static Revenue Estimate Over Budget WindowRates and PEP & Pease (Billions 2012 $ except as noted) |
|||
|
CBO Nominal Growth |
|||
|
Budget window static revenue from top income tax rate of 39.6% and 20% rate on capital gains, dividends at CBO nominal growth rates assuming no change in the amount of realized gains and dividend payments. |
2012 |
$80.0 |
|
|
2013 |
1.008 |
$80.6 |
|
|
2014 |
1.062 |
$85.6 |
|
|
2015 |
1.062 |
$91.0 |
|
|
2016 |
1.062 |
$96.6 |
|
|
2017 |
1.062 |
$102.6 |
|
|
2018 |
1.045 |
$107.2 |
|
|
2019 |
1.045 |
$112.0 |
|
|
2020 |
1.045 |
$117.1 |
|
|
2021 |
1.045 |
$122.3 |
|
|
2022 |
1.045 |
$127.8 |
|
|
Total |
2013-2022 |
$1,042.8 |
Income DistributionRates and PEP & Pease (2012 $ except as noted) |
||||
|
Average after-tax income per return |
||||
|
Adjusted Gross Income Class ($) |
Static Change |
Static % Change |
Dynamic Change |
Dynamic % Change |
|
< 0 |
-$2 |
n.a |
$1,327 |
n.a. |
|
0 – 5,307 |
$0 |
0.00% |
-$38 |
-1.31% |
|
5,307- 10,614 |
$0 |
0.00% |
-$108 |
-1.26% |
|
10,614 – 21,228 |
$0 |
0.00% |
-$208 |
-1.26% |
|
21,228 – 31,842 |
$0 |
0.00% |
-$337 |
-1.29% |
|
31,842 – 42,456 |
$0 |
0.00% |
-$459 |
-1.30% |
|
42,456 – 53,070 |
$0 |
0.00% |
-$566 |
-1.27% |
|
53,070 – 79,606 |
$0 |
0.00% |
-$756 |
-1.26% |
|
79,606 – 106,141 |
$0 |
0.00% |
-$1,040 |
-1.25% |
|
106,141 – 159,211 |
$0 |
0.00% |
-$1,346 |
-1.19% |
|
159,211 – 212,282 |
-$1 |
0.00% |
-$1,887 |
-1.21% |
|
212,282 – 265,352 |
-$4 |
0.00% |
-$2,372 |
-1.20% |
|
262,352 – 530,704 |
-$970 |
0.00% |
-$4,420 |
-1.54% |
|
530,704 – 1,061,408 |
-$15,033 |
-0.02% |
-$21,714 |
-3.89% |
|
> 1,061,408 |
-$154,391 |
-3.67% |
-$188,388 |
-6.93% |
|
TOTAL FOR ALL |
-$446 |
-0.46% |
-$1,092 |
-2.09% |
With Expensing
The tables below show the results of adding 50% expensing to the Senate 39.6% bracket, the capital gains and dividend increase to 20%, and the new PEP and Pease phase-out. The expensing provision in this set is assumed to be permanent, which it is not in the Senate bill. The model is run at 2008 income levels, then inflated to 2012 dollars. First, GDP effects and revenues static and dynamic. Second, static revenue over the budget window. Third, distribution tables, static and dynamic.
Economic and Budget Effects of the American Taxpayer Relief Act of 2012, as passed by the Senate January 1, 2013Rates, PEP & Pease, and 50% Expensing (Billions 2012 $ except as noted) |
|
|
GDP |
-0.04% |
|
Private business GDP |
-0.05% |
|
Private business stocks |
0.11% |
|
Wage rate |
0.09% |
|
Private business hours of work |
-0.15% |
|
Federal revenue (dynamic)($ billions) |
$67.0 |
|
Federal spending ($ billions) |
$0.3 |
|
Federal deficit (+ = lower deficit) ($ bil.) |
$66.7 |
|
Static revenue estimate ($ billions) |
$68.6 |
|
% Revenue reflow vs. dynamic |
-2.4% |
|
$GDP ($ billions) |
-$5.9 |
|
$GDP/$tax increase (dollars) |
-$0.1 |
|
Weighted Average Service Price |
% Change |
|
Corporate |
-0.56% |
|
Noncorporate |
0.78% |
|
All business |
-0.16% |
Static Revenue Estimate Over Budget WindowRates, PEP & Pease, and 50% Expensing (Billions 2012 $ except as noted) |
|||
|
CBO Nominal Growth |
|||
|
Budget window static revenue from top income tax rate of 39.6% and 20% rate on capital gains, dividends at CBO nominal growth rates assuming no change in the amount of realized gains and dividend payments. |
2012 |
$68.6 |
|
|
2013 |
1.008 |
$69.1 |
|
|
2014 |
1.062 |
$73.4 |
|
|
2015 |
1.062 |
$78.0 |
|
|
2016 |
1.062 |
$82.8 |
|
|
2017 |
1.062 |
$87.9 |
|
|
2018 |
1.045 |
$91.9 |
|
|
2019 |
1.045 |
$96.0 |
|
|
2020 |
1.045 |
$100.4 |
|
|
2021 |
1.045 |
$104.9 |
|
|
2022 |
1.045 |
$109.6 |
|
|
Total |
2013-2022 |
$894.1 |
Income DistributionRates, PEP & Pease, and 50% Expensing (2012 $ except as noted) |
||||
|
Average after-tax income per return |
||||
|
Adjusted Gross Income Class ($) |
Static Change |
Static % Change |
Dynamic Change |
Dynamic % Change |
|
< 0 |
-$2 |
n.a. |
$52 |
n.a. |
|
0 – 5,307 |
$0 |
0.00% |
-$1 |
-0.03% |
|
5,307- 10,614 |
$0 |
0.00% |
-$3 |
-0.03% |
|
10,614 – 21,228 |
$0 |
0.00% |
-$6 |
-0.03% |
|
21,228 – 31,842 |
$0 |
0.00% |
-$9 |
-0.03% |
|
31,842 – 42,456 |
$0 |
0.00% |
-$12 |
-0.03% |
|
42,456 – 53,070 |
$0 |
0.00% |
-$15 |
-0.03% |
|
53,070 – 79,606 |
$0 |
0.00% |
-$20 |
-0.03% |
|
79,606 – 106,141 |
$0 |
0.00% |
-$27 |
-0.03% |
|
106,141 – 159,211 |
$0 |
0.00% |
-$36 |
-0.03% |
|
159,211 – 212,282 |
-$1 |
0.00% |
-$53 |
-0.03% |
|
212,282 – 265,352 |
-$4 |
0.00% |
-$73 |
-0.04% |
|
262,352 – 530,704 |
-$970 |
0.00% |
-$1,075 |
-0.38% |
|
530,704 – 1,061,408 |
-$15,033 |
-0.02% |
-$15,249 |
-2.73% |
|
> 1,061,408 |
-$154,391 |
-3.67% |
-$155,602 |
-5.72% |
|
TOTAL FOR ALL |
-$446 |
-0.46% |
-$464 |
-0.89% |